A sand spit formed by longshore drift depositing sediment at the island’s tip, shaped by wind and wave action into a curved coastal feature.
Kuraman Island is one of the small islands located to the south of Labuan, renowned for its long sand spit. This sand formation, when viewed from above, clearly displays the morphology of a “sand spit” or “sand tongue.”
The sand tongue is formed by longshore currents that transport and deposit sand at the tip of the beach or island. Its shape, size, and curvature are influenced by the action of waves and winds throughout the year.
Other attractions on the island include a lighthouse built in the early 20th century and old residential structures with thick walls constructed from large stone blocks.
River channel deposits from approximately 15 million years ago, part of the lower Belait Formation. Fresh outcrops exhibit near-horizontal thick sandstone layers. A scenic and diverse coastal landscape with alternating sandy and rocky shorelines, featuring sea caves and arches in several locations.
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Thickly bedded sandstone layers representing ancient tidal-influenced river channels. Abundant shallow marine trace fossils such as Ophiomorpha isp. and Teichichnus isp. are visible. Exceptionally well-developed tafoni (honeycomb weathering structures) formed by salt spray from the sea, creating intricate voids on coastal rock surfaces.
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Exposing high-quality, fresh rock surfaces showcasing large-scale cross-bedding with embedded coal fragments, a unique feature not recorded elsewhere in Malaysia. Characterised by a broad tidal flat displaying current and wave ripple structures at low tide, with visible Belait Formation strata extending offshore toward Pulau Ular, and a natural sea arch sculpted by wave erosion.
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